📄 TOEIC Reading – Part 6
Text Completion | 13 Passages | 50 Questions
📌 Part 6 Core Strategies
- Always read the full passage first — unlike Part 5, context before and after the blank is essential for correct answers.
- Identify the blank type: Is it testing grammar (tense, word form, voice), vocabulary, or sentence insertion (cohesion)?
- Sentence insertion questions (usually Q4): Read the surrounding sentences. The inserted sentence must connect logically — watch for pronouns (these, this, they), transition words, and topic continuity.
- Tense consistency: Check the overall tense used in the passage. Blanks usually match the dominant tense unless a time shift is signaled.
- Eliminate sentences that introduce new, off-topic information — wrong sentence options often shift focus abruptly.
- Vocabulary blanks: Use the document type as context. A memo has different register (formal) than an informal email.
- Spend 5–7 minutes per passage — that’s roughly 90 seconds per question in Part 6.
Passage 1 — Questions 1–4
Dear Team,
I am writing to inform you that the customer service department will be implementing new interaction guidelines effective Monday, June 2nd. These changes have been made in [1] to feedback gathered during last month’s customer satisfaction survey.
Under the new guidelines, all customer inquiries must be acknowledged within two business hours of receipt. Furthermore, any complaint that cannot be resolved at the first point of contact must be [2] to a senior representative immediately.
Please note that all interactions — whether by phone, email, or live chat — must be [3] in our internal CRM system within 30 minutes of completion. Incomplete records have been identified as a key area for improvement.
[4] Training sessions to familiarize staff with the new protocols will be held throughout the week of June 9th.
Thank you for your continued dedication to service excellence.
Sincerely,
Rachel Townsend
Customer Service Manager
- A response
- B regard
- C relation
- D reference
Explanation
In response to is the fixed prepositional phrase meaning “as a reaction to.” It is the standard collocation when describing changes made because of feedback. “In regard to” = concerning (used to introduce a topic, not a reaction); “in relation to” = compared with; “in reference to” = referring to. None of these convey the cause-effect relationship here.
Vocabulary
in response to – as a reaction or answer to something
customer satisfaction survey – a tool measuring how pleased customers are
- A escalated
- B reported
- C delivered
- D submitted
Explanation
Escalate is the standard customer service term for passing an unresolved issue to a higher authority. “Escalated to a senior representative” = moved up the chain of command. “Reported” implies documenting rather than transferring; “delivered” and “submitted” do not collocate with complaints in this procedural sense.
Vocabulary
escalate – to increase in severity or pass to a higher level of authority
first point of contact – the first person a customer interacts with
- A record
- B recording
- C recorded
- D records
Explanation
The structure “must be + past participle” forms the passive voice with a modal. Interactions are recorded (they receive the action). Recorded (past participle) completes the passive construction. (A) base verb, (B) present participle, and (D) noun are all incorrect forms after “must be.”
Vocabulary
CRM system – Customer Relationship Management; software tracking customer interactions
completion – the act of finishing something
- A Customers will be notified of these changes via our website.
- B Attendance at these sessions is mandatory for all customer service staff.
- C The new software will be available for download next quarter.
- D We appreciate your patience during this period of adjustment.
Cohesion Analysis
The sentence immediately after blank [4] introduces “training sessions.” Option (B) refers to “these sessions” — the pronoun these creates a forward-referring cohesive link to the next sentence. It adds crucial information (attendance is mandatory) and flows directly into the training announcement. (A) shifts to customer communication; (C) introduces unrelated software; (D) is a closing pleasantry that would end the email prematurely.
Passage 2 — Questions 5–8
Dear Mr. Webb,
I am writing to inform you that your order (Reference #PO-7741), [5] on August 30th, has been subject to an unexpected delay. A disruption at our primary distribution center has affected shipments scheduled for the third week of September.
We now [6] that your order will be dispatched no later than September 26th. We understand this may cause inconvenience, and we sincerely apologize for any disruption to your operations.
As a gesture of goodwill, we would like to [7] you with a 10% discount on your next order. Details on how to apply this discount will be included with your shipment confirmation.
[8] Please do not hesitate to contact our customer support team at support@halstonindustries.com should you require further assistance.
Yours sincerely,
Diane Kowalski
Procurement Manager, Halston Industries
- A place
- B placing
- C placed
- D to place
Explanation
This is a reduced relative clause: “your order which was placed on August 30th” → “your order placed on August 30th.” The past participle placed indicates the order received the action passively (someone placed it). (B) “placing” would imply the order is actively placing something — grammatically odd. (D) is an infinitive without the right meaning here.
Vocabulary
subject to – likely to be affected by; under the influence of
reduced relative clause – a shortened relative clause using a participle
- A hope
- B wish
- C anticipate
- D suggest
Explanation
Anticipate = to expect or predict with reasonable confidence, based on available information. It is the appropriate formal business word when projecting a timeline. “Hope” implies uncertainty and emotional desire; “wish” is too personal and informal; “suggest” implies recommending something, which doesn’t fit the sentence’s meaning about predicting dispatch timing.
Vocabulary
anticipate – to expect something to happen; to predict
dispatch – to send goods to a destination
no later than – by a specific deadline at the latest
- A reward
- B provide
- C present
- D offer
Explanation
Provide someone with something is a standard business collocation (provide + object + with). The structure “provide you with a discount” is the most natural formal phrasing. “Offer you a discount” is also correct but “offer with” is not — making (D) incorrect here. “Reward” implies recognition of achievement; “present” works but “present you with a 10% discount” is less common in this customer service context than “provide.”
Vocabulary
gesture of goodwill – an action done to show kindness or make amends
provide with – to give or supply something to someone
- A Our distribution center is located in the northern industrial zone.
- B All orders placed before October 1st will receive priority handling.
- C We value your business and appreciate your understanding in this matter.
- D Halston Industries has been operating for over 40 years in this sector.
Cohesion Analysis
Position [8] is just before the closing “please do not hesitate to contact us” — the typical pre-closing of an apology email. Option (C) expresses appreciation and maintains the apologetic, customer-focused tone established throughout. It bridges the apology and the offer of further assistance. (A) and (D) introduce unrelated factual information. (B) is about future orders and doesn’t match the immediate context of this delay apology.
Passage 3 — Questions 9–12
Dear Colleagues,
I am pleased to announce that Ms. Yuki Tanaka will be joining Brightfield Communications as our new Senior Marketing Analyst, [9] Monday, March 10th.
Ms. Tanaka brings with her over eight years of experience in digital marketing strategy and brand development. She has previously held senior positions at two leading advertising agencies and [10] significant expertise in data-driven campaign management.
Her primary responsibilities will include leading the digital outreach team, overseeing quarterly campaign performance reviews, and [11] with external partners on joint marketing initiatives.
[12] In the meantime, please join me in extending a warm welcome to Ms. Tanaka.
Best regards,
James Okafor
Head of Human Resources
- A effective
- B from
- C on
- D starting at
Explanation
Effective [date] is a formal business expression meaning “starting from [date].” It is the standard phrasing in official communications for announcements. “From Monday” is correct but less formal; “on Monday” doesn’t convey the “starting from that date onward” meaning as precisely; “starting at” is informal and doesn’t fit the register of this HR announcement.
Vocabulary
effective (date) – formally meaning “beginning on” or “starting from” that date
senior analyst – a higher-level specialist with extensive experience
- A has developed
- B develops
- C had developed
- D was developed
Explanation
The sentence is a compound with “She has previously held…and _______ expertise.” The coordinating conjunction “and” connects two parallel clauses — both in the present perfect. “Has developed” maintains parallel tense with “has held.” (C) past perfect would imply the expertise was developed before some earlier past point; (D) is passive and changes meaning entirely.
Vocabulary
expertise – a high level of knowledge or skill in a particular area
data-driven – based on analysis of data rather than intuition
- A collaborate
- B collaborated
- C collaborating
- D to collaborate
Explanation
Parallel structure: “responsibilities will include + gerund.” The series uses gerunds: “leading… overseeing… collaborating.” After “include,” all listed items must be gerunds (-ing). (A) base verb, (B) past participle, and (D) infinitive all break parallel structure.
Vocabulary
collaborate – to work jointly with others toward a shared goal
joint initiative – a project undertaken together by two or more parties
- A The marketing department has three open positions this quarter.
- B A brief meet-and-greet session will be organized for her first day in the office.
- C All staff must complete diversity training by the end of the month.
- D Previous senior analysts at this company have gone on to executive roles.
Cohesion Analysis
The sentence after [12] says “In the meantime, please join me in extending a warm welcome.” “In the meantime” signals a transition — something is being planned but hasn’t happened yet. Option (B) announces a meet-and-greet, which explains what is being arranged for the future, making “in the meantime” logical and the welcome invitation natural. (A) and (C) are completely off-topic. (D) is irrelevant to welcoming a new employee.
Passage 4 — Questions 13–16
Dear Ms. Blythe,
Thank you for your inquiry regarding conference facilities for your upcoming Annual Leadership Summit. We are [13] pleased to inform you that the Grand Ballroom is available on your requested dates of October 18th–19th.
The Grand Ballroom [14] up to 300 guests in a theater-style arrangement, or 180 guests in a banquet setting. A full range of audiovisual equipment is included in all packages, and dedicated technical support will be available throughout your event.
To proceed, we would require a signed booking form and a 30% [15] of the total package fee within 14 business days. The remaining balance is due 30 days prior to the event date.
[16] We look forward to hosting your event and trust that the Grand Ballroom will exceed your expectations.
Warm regards,
Thomas Yuen
Senior Conference Services Manager
- A very
- B delighted to say we are
- C most
- D quite
Explanation
In formal British-influenced business English, “most pleased” = very pleased, used as a polite intensifier in professional correspondence. “Very pleased” is also correct but less formal; “quite pleased” can imply slight reservation; (B) is too wordy and creates a run-on. “Most” here is a formal intensifier (not a superlative in the traditional sense), common in hotel and hospitality communications.
Vocabulary
most pleased – a formal intensifier meaning very pleased
inquiry – a formal request for information
- A accommodates
- B holds onto
- C contains
- D keeps
Explanation
Accommodate = to have room for; to hold a certain number of people. “The venue accommodates X guests” is the standard hospitality collocation. (C) “contains” is used for objects/items in a container, not people at an event. (B) “holds onto” means to grip or keep something — wrong meaning. (D) “keeps” implies retention, not capacity.
Vocabulary
accommodate – to provide space for; to have room for a number of people
theater-style – seating arrangement with chairs in rows facing a stage
banquet setting – seating arranged around tables for a formal dinner
- A payment
- B contribution
- C deposit
- D installment
Explanation
A deposit is a partial upfront payment made to secure a booking or reservation — the exact context described here. The sentence then contrasts “the remaining balance” (what is owed later), which confirms the deposit is just a partial amount to confirm the booking. “Installment” implies a regular series of payments over time (not a single upfront amount); “contribution” = a share given to a collective fund; “payment” is too generic.
Vocabulary
deposit – an upfront partial payment to secure a booking
remaining balance – the outstanding amount still to be paid
prior to – before
- A Please find the detailed package brochure and booking form attached to this email.
- B Our hotel was established in 1987 and has hosted numerous international events.
- C The hotel restaurant offers a three-course dinner menu for an additional charge.
- D Alternative dates in November may also be considered upon request.
Cohesion Analysis
The previous paragraph mentioned needing a “signed booking form” and described payment requirements. Option (A) directly follows this by telling the reader how to access that form (“attached to this email”) — a natural action step. (B) is background hotel history, off-topic at this point. (C) is a minor detail about the restaurant. (D) contradicts the confirmed availability already stated.
Passage 5 — Questions 17–20
This memo is to inform all employees of revisions to the company’s remote work policy, [17] following a comprehensive review conducted in partnership with department heads across the organization.
Under the revised policy, employees in eligible roles may work remotely for up to three days per week. Eligibility will be [18] by each employee’s direct manager, taking into account both job function and individual performance records.
All employees working remotely must ensure they are reachable during core business hours (9:00 A.M. – 3:00 P.M.) and must participate in all scheduled team meetings via video conferencing. [19]
Employees who wish to apply for remote work eligibility should submit a formal request through the internal HR portal no later than August 15th. [20] Questions regarding the revised policy may be directed to your HR business partner.
- A implemented
- B implementing
- C to implement
- D will implement
Explanation
This is a reduced relative clause in passive form: “revisions which were implemented following a review” → “revisions implemented following a review.” Past participle (-ed) = passive reduced clause. (B) “implementing” would imply revisions are actively implementing something else (illogical); (C) infinitive; (D) future tense — all incorrect in this noun-modifier position.
Vocabulary
comprehensive review – a thorough examination of all aspects
in partnership with – working together with
- A decided
- B measured
- C determined
- D confirmed
Explanation
Determine eligibility is the standard formal phrase for assessing whether someone qualifies. “Determined by” = assessed and decided by. “Decided” is close but less formal in policy documents; “measured” implies quantitative assessment; “confirmed” implies a prior decision already made — but here it’s being assessed, not simply confirmed.
Vocabulary
eligibility – the condition of being qualified or entitled to something
job function – the specific role and responsibilities of a position
- A Salaries will remain unchanged under the new policy.
- B The Operations Division was formed in 2015 to improve efficiency.
- C Failure to meet these requirements may result in the suspension of remote work privileges.
- D Employees are encouraged to discuss work-life balance with HR at any time.
Cohesion Analysis
The third paragraph outlines requirements for remote workers (reachability, meetings). Option (C) provides the logical consequence for not meeting “these requirements” — the pronoun “these” refers directly back to those listed requirements. This creates tight cohesion and is typical of policy document structure (rule → consequence). (A) introduces salary — unrelated; (B) is company history; (D) is a support offer, not a policy consequence.
- A Requests submitted after this date will be carefully reviewed.
- B Late submissions will not be considered for the September 1 implementation.
- C The portal has been updated to improve user experience.
- D Managers are not required to justify their eligibility decisions.
Cohesion Analysis
“No later than August 15th” implies a strict deadline. Option (B) gives the consequence of missing that deadline and ties it to the September 1 implementation date mentioned in the memo header — strong internal cohesion. (A) contradicts the deadline by suggesting late requests might still be reviewed. (C) is a detail about the portal itself. (D) introduces a new idea about managers.
Passage 6 — Questions 21–24
This memo summarizes the outcomes of the Third Quarter Budget Review and provides guidance on expenditure planning for Q4.
Overall, the company performed [21] expectations in Q3, with total revenues reaching $6.4 million — 9% above the projected target. However, operational costs in several departments [22] their allocated budgets, primarily due to unplanned facility maintenance and increased logistics expenses.
For Q4, department heads are asked to submit revised expenditure forecasts by October 5th. These forecasts should [23] all anticipated project costs, staffing adjustments, and any major procurement requirements. Submissions that do not meet this standard will be returned for revision.
[24] The CFO will review all Q4 forecasts in a series of individual meetings with department heads during the week of October 9th.
- A over
- B beyond
- C above
- D ahead
Explanation
Above expectations is the standard business collocation meaning performance was better than predicted. “Perform above expectations” = exceed the expected standard. “Beyond expectations” also works in common usage, but the sentence continues with “9% above the projected target” — the use of “above” throughout the passage creates lexical consistency. “Over expectations” and “ahead expectations” are not standard collocations.
Vocabulary
above expectations – better than what was anticipated
projected target – a numerical goal set in advance
- A reached
- B exceeded
- C approached
- D matched
Explanation
Exceed a budget = to spend more than allocated. The context “unplanned maintenance and increased expenses” confirms costs went over budget, not just up to it. “Reached” = arrived at the amount (not over); “approached” = got close to but didn’t pass; “matched” = equaled exactly. Only “exceeded” conveys going beyond the limit.
Vocabulary
exceed – to go beyond a set limit or amount
allocated budget – the amount of money officially assigned for a purpose
- A contain
- B cover
- C encompass
- D involve
Explanation
Encompass = to include or deal with all aspects comprehensively. It is the most formal and precise word for describing a complete scope of items in a financial document. “Cover” is also acceptable (“cover all costs”) and may be considered correct, but “encompass” is the more elevated, precise word fitting the formal CFO memo register and the comprehensive list that follows.
Vocabulary
encompass – to include or deal with comprehensively
procurement – the process of obtaining goods or services for a business
forecast – a prediction of future figures or events
- A All employees must be aware of the company’s annual financial calendar.
- B The Finance Department was restructured last year to improve reporting.
- C A template for the revised forecast has been attached to this memo for your reference.
- D Department heads should reduce all travel expenses by 20% in Q4.
Cohesion Analysis
The previous paragraph asks department heads to submit revised forecasts. Option (C) directly assists this process by providing a template — a practical, helpful step that connects smoothly to the next sentence about CFO meetings. It follows the logic: submit a forecast (para 3) → here is the template (C) → the CFO will review them (next sentence). (D) introduces an unsupported instruction about travel. (A) and (B) are off-topic.
Passage 7 — Questions 25–28
The meeting opened with a review of the development timeline for the ProLine Series 3, which is [25] scheduled for release in Q3 of this year. The engineering team confirmed that hardware testing has been completed and that software integration is currently in its final phase.
The marketing team raised concerns about the planned launch date, noting that a major competitor is [26] to release a comparable product in late June. It was agreed that the marketing team would prepare a competitive analysis report to be presented at next month’s meeting.
The group also discussed packaging design, supplier negotiations, and post-launch support infrastructure. Agreement was reached on all three [27], with detailed follow-up tasks assigned to the relevant team leaders.
[28] The next meeting has been scheduled for March 14th, with the competitive analysis and updated launch strategy as primary agenda items.
- A tentatively
- B firmly
- C largely
- D broadly
Explanation
Tentatively scheduled = planned but not confirmed, subject to change. This matches the context — the release date may shift (marketing concerns about competitor timing are raised). “Firmly scheduled” contradicts the uncertainty shown later; “largely/broadly scheduled” are not standard collocations with “scheduled.”
Vocabulary
tentatively – in a way that is not definite; provisionally
integration – the process of combining components into a unified system
- A planning
- B going
- C expected
- D meant
Explanation
Expected to + infinitive = predicted or anticipated to do something. It is the most neutral and objective phrasing for reporting on a competitor’s anticipated actions in meeting minutes. (A) “planning to release” = valid but requires “they are planning,” not “is planning to” in this structure; (B) “going to release” = informal; (D) “meant to release” implies obligation or intention, not market prediction.
Vocabulary
comparable product – a product similar in function and target market
competitive analysis – a study evaluating competitors’ strengths and weaknesses
- A problems
- B arguments
- C items
- D cases
Explanation
The three things discussed were “packaging design, supplier negotiations, and post-launch support infrastructure” — these are agenda items (topics on a meeting agenda). “Items” is the standard meeting-minutes word for agenda points. “Problems” implies difficulty; “arguments” implies conflict; “cases” implies legal or investigative scenarios — none fit.
Vocabulary
agenda item – a topic listed for discussion in a meeting
post-launch – the period after a product is released to market
infrastructure – the underlying systems or structures supporting operations
- A Several team members expressed interest in joining a product focus group.
- B A full list of action items and assigned owners has been distributed to all attendees.
- C The engineering team will continue to update the product roadmap on a weekly basis.
- D Marketing budgets for the product launch have not yet been finalized.
Cohesion Analysis
The previous sentence mentions “follow-up tasks assigned to relevant team leaders.” Option (B) provides the natural follow-through: the tasks were formalized and distributed as an action list. The phrase “all attendees” also connects cohesively to the “Attendees” listed in the memo header. This sentence closes the meeting body before the scheduling note. (C) is relevant but introduces a new commitment; (D) introduces an unresolved issue that contradicts the resolved tone of the paragraph.
Passage 8 — Questions 29–32
Hartwell Group is proud to announce the launch of its 2026 Community Investment Program, a [29] company-wide initiative aimed at strengthening ties between our business and the communities in which we operate.
The program will provide employees with two paid days per year to volunteer with [30] nonprofit organizations of their choice. Employees are encouraged to volunteer individually or as departmental teams. All volunteer activities must be registered through the company’s online CSR portal.
In addition, the Hartwell Foundation will match all charitable donations made by employees [31] to a maximum of $1,000 per employee per year. This initiative is designed to amplify the social impact of individual contributions.
[32] Full program details, including a list of pre-approved partner organizations, are available on the company intranet under the “Community” section.
- A latest
- B novel
- C new
- D recent
Explanation
The announcement is a launch — this is the program’s first introduction. “New” most simply and accurately describes a program being launched for the first time. “Latest” implies it is the most recent in a series (not necessarily brand new); “novel” = unusually creative/original (not purely about being new); “recent” implies the initiative already happened.
Vocabulary
CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) – a company’s commitment to ethical and social impact
initiative – a plan or action designed to address a goal
- A approved
- B suitable
- C optional
- D various
Explanation
The final sentence mentions “pre-approved partner organizations” — this is strong internal cohesion pointing to (A). “Approved organizations” = those officially sanctioned by the company for participation. “Suitable” is subjective; “optional” doesn’t modify organizations; “various” simply means different kinds — none of these align with the controlled, policy-driven language of the CSR announcement.
Vocabulary
nonprofit organization – a group operating for social benefit, not profit
volunteer – to freely offer time and services without payment
- A dollar for dollar
- B one by one
- C side by side
- D step by step
Explanation
Dollar for dollar = matching each dollar donated with an equal amount. This is the standard phrase for donation-matching programs. The phrase “amplify the social impact of individual contributions” confirms the doubling effect. (B), (C), and (D) are idiomatic phrases unrelated to financial matching.
Vocabulary
match (donations) – to contribute an equal amount to what someone else gives
amplify – to increase the effect or importance of something
- A Employees who do not participate will not face any disciplinary action.
- B Employees interested in learning more are encouraged to attend one of the information sessions being held next week.
- C The Hartwell Foundation was established in 2001 with an initial endowment of $5 million.
- D Tax deduction certificates will be issued to all participating employees in January.
Cohesion Analysis
Position [32] is before the final sentence directing readers to the intranet for full details. Option (B) bridges the announcement content and the information resources by directing interested employees to sessions AND to the intranet. “Interested in learning more” flows naturally into “full program details are available on the intranet.” (D) is relevant but introduces a new administrative detail that would typically appear in a separate section.
Passage 9 — Questions 33–36
Please be advised that scheduled maintenance work on the building’s central HVAC system will take place on Saturday, November 9th, from 7:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M. [33] access to the building will be permitted during this time, though some areas may be temporarily unavailable.
The maintenance work [34] to affect heating and cooling functions on floors 4 through 8. Occupants of these floors are advised to bring additional layers of clothing, as temperatures may fluctuate during work hours.
All sensitive equipment on affected floors should be [35] down before leaving on Friday evening. Facilities Management will take precautions to protect common areas, but individual offices and workstations remain the responsibility of their occupants.
[36] We apologize for any inconvenience and thank you for your cooperation.
- A Full
- B Limited
- C No
- D General
Explanation
The sentence contains a contrast: “permitted… though some areas may be unavailable.” This shows partial access — some areas accessible, some not. Limited access = partial, restricted access. (A) “Full access” contradicts “some areas unavailable”; (C) “No access” contradicts “will be permitted”; (D) “General access” doesn’t convey restriction.
Vocabulary
HVAC – Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning systems
limited access – restricted entry; not all areas open
- A expects
- B is expected
- C has expected
- D was expecting
Explanation
Is expected to = it is anticipated that (passive construction). In official notices, passive voice is used for predictions: “work is expected to affect.” (A) “expects” makes maintenance work the subject that actively expects — inanimate objects don’t expect. (C) and (D) are wrong tenses for a current/upcoming event.
Vocabulary
fluctuate – to rise and fall irregularly
is expected to – anticipated to; predicted to
- A put
- B turned
- C shut
- D closed
Explanation
Shut down = to turn off equipment or systems properly — the standard phrase for powering off computers, servers, and machinery before maintenance. “Turn down” = to reduce/decline; “put down” = to set something down or suppress; “close down” = to shut a business permanently, not applicable to equipment.
Vocabulary
shut down – to turn off or deactivate a system or machine
sensitive equipment – devices that may be damaged by power or temperature changes
- A Should you have any questions or concerns, please contact the facilities team at ext. 3300.
- B The HVAC system was installed when the building was constructed in 2008.
- C All future maintenance schedules will be posted on the building notice board.
- D The roof and exterior windows will also undergo inspection next month.
Cohesion Analysis
Position [36] is just before the apology/closing. Option (A) provides a contact channel — essential at the close of a formal building notice — and connects smoothly to the apology. (C) is about future notices and disrupts the closing. (B) is historical background unneeded at the end. (D) introduces new maintenance — off-topic for this particular notice’s closing.
Passage 10 — Questions 37–40
Following a review of our existing emergency protocols, the Health & Safety Committee has introduced several updates to our fire evacuation procedures. All employees are required to [37] with these changes immediately.
The primary evacuation route from the main production area has been changed. Employees should now exit through the new Emergency Door E7, [38] at the south end of the building near the loading dock. The previous exit at Door E3 is no longer designated as a primary evacuation point.
Fire marshals have been appointed for each floor and work shift. [39] If you are unsure who your designated marshal is, contact your line supervisor or the Safety Office directly.
A mandatory fire drill will be conducted on Thursday, December 5th, at 10:00 A.M. [40] Employees are reminded that evacuation drills must be taken seriously and all instructions from fire marshals followed without delay.
- A agree
- B follow
- C comply
- D accept
Explanation
Comply with is the fixed legal/regulatory collocation meaning to act in accordance with rules or requirements. “Comply with changes/rules/regulations” = follow and adhere to. “Agree with” = to share an opinion; “follow with” = not standard in this construction; “accept” takes a direct object without a preposition: “accept the changes,” not “accept with.”
Vocabulary
comply with – to act in accordance with rules, instructions, or requirements
protocol – an official procedure or system of rules
- A locating
- B located
- C which locates
- D locate
Explanation
Located = past participle in a reduced relative clause: “Door E7, which is located at…” → “Door E7, located at….” The door is positioned (passive) — it doesn’t locate itself. (A) “locating” = active, implies the door is finding something; (C) “which locates” is grammatically unusual for a door; (D) base verb needs auxiliary “is.”
Vocabulary
loading dock – an area where goods are loaded and unloaded from vehicles
evacuation route – a planned path used to exit a building in an emergency
- A Fire safety training has been offered to all employees since 2019.
- B Their names and contact details are posted on the safety notice board outside each main exit.
- C The number of fire marshals exceeds the minimum requirement set by local authorities.
- D All marshals have undergone advanced first-aid certification this year.
Cohesion Analysis
The sentence before [39] introduces fire marshals. The sentence after [39] says “If you are unsure who your designated marshal is, contact your supervisor.” Option (B) bridges these by telling employees where to find marshal information — it answers “how do I know who my marshal is?” before the instruction to contact a supervisor. “Their names” = pronoun referring to marshals introduced in the previous sentence. Perfect cohesion.
- A All personnel are expected to participate regardless of their current project commitments.
- B The drill will last approximately 20 minutes and refreshments will be provided afterward.
- C Employees who have already completed a drill this year are exempt from participation.
- D The date may be subject to change depending on weather conditions.
Cohesion Analysis
The closing sentence emphasizes “must be taken seriously” and “without delay” — a tone of strict compliance. Option (A) reinforces this by stating “regardless of project commitments” — no exceptions. This aligns with the mandatory, firm language of a safety notice. (B) is too casual (refreshments); (C) contradicts “mandatory”; (D) introduces unnecessary uncertainty about a confirmed date.
Passage 11 — Questions 41–44
Consumer spending in the retail sector has shown [41] improvement over the second quarter, driven largely by a resurgence in household goods and personal electronics categories. Year-on-year growth in these segments reached 11.3%, [42] analyst projections of 8%.
Despite these positive trends, the market continues to face [43] from rising import costs and supply chain instability in key manufacturing regions. These factors are expected to place pressure on profit margins through the remainder of the fiscal year.
The Strategic Planning Division recommends that Vantex pursue selective expansion into the high-growth personal electronics category while maintaining a cautious approach to inventory management. [44] A detailed action plan outlining recommended steps will be presented at the Q3 strategic review.
- A a notable
- B a noticeably
- C notable
- D notably
Explanation
After “shown,” an adjective modifies the noun “improvement” — “notable improvement.” (D) “notably” is an adverb (would modify a verb/adjective, not a noun); (A) “a notable” is grammatically possible (“has shown a notable improvement”) but (C) without the article is more natural in this formal report register where “improvement” is used as a general uncountable concept rather than a single countable instance.
Vocabulary
notable – worthy of attention; significant
resurgence – a new period of activity or growth after a quiet spell
- A achieving
- B matching
- C surpassing
- D following
Explanation
Growth reached 11.3% vs projected 8% — actual growth is higher than predicted. Surpassing = going beyond or exceeding. (B) “matching” = equaling exactly (11.3% ≠ 8%); (A) “achieving” doesn’t convey exceeding; (D) “following” = coming after, unrelated to comparison. The vocabulary of “above expectations” in the broader passage context confirms the meaning.
Vocabulary
surpass – to go beyond; to exceed
year-on-year – compared with the same period in the previous year
- A obstacles
- B difficulties
- C headwinds
- D issues
Explanation
Headwinds is a specialized business/economic metaphor meaning forces that impede growth — it is the most precise term in financial and market analysis reports for external pressures such as rising costs and supply chain disruption. “Face headwinds” is a fixed expression in strategic business language. (A) “obstacles” and (B) “difficulties” are more general; (D) “issues” is too informal for a market analysis report.
Vocabulary
headwinds – challenging market conditions that make growth difficult
profit margins – the difference between revenue and costs as a percentage
supply chain instability – unreliability in the flow of goods and materials
- A Competitors in the personal electronics space have recently increased their marketing budgets.
- B This approach balances the opportunity for growth with the need for financial prudence given current market conditions.
- C The Strategic Planning Division has operated independently since 2018.
- D Import tariffs are expected to decrease in the coming months, easing cost pressures.
Cohesion Analysis
The recommendation is “selective expansion” + “cautious approach to inventory.” Option (B) synthesizes both elements: “balances opportunity for growth” (expansion) “with financial prudence” (cautious approach). The phrase “current market conditions” links back to the headwinds discussed in the previous paragraph. It transitions perfectly into the call for an action plan. (D) would undermine the cautious recommendation by suggesting tariff relief is coming.
Passage 12 — Questions 45–47
The Atlas Data Migration project is currently progressing [45] schedule. All Phase 1 data transfers have been completed successfully, and Phase 2 — which involves migration of archived client records — is now underway.
A minor technical issue was identified during Phase 2 testing, which briefly [46] the migration process for approximately four hours on Tuesday. The issue has since been resolved by the infrastructure team, and no data loss occurred. The overall project timeline remains intact.
[47] The project team will continue to provide weekly status updates throughout the remaining phases of the migration. Stakeholders with questions are encouraged to contact the PMO directly.
- A in
- B on
- C ahead of
- D according to
Explanation
Context: Phase 1 is complete and Phase 2 is underway — this suggests the project is moving faster than planned, i.e., ahead of schedule. “On schedule” = proceeding as planned (neither ahead nor behind); “in schedule” is not standard English; “according to schedule” = on schedule. “Ahead of schedule” = progressing faster than planned, which best fits the positive tone and the double-phase progress described.
Vocabulary
ahead of schedule – completing work faster than planned
data migration – the process of moving data from one system to another
- A stopped
- B paused
- C interrupted
- D ended
Explanation
Interrupted = to temporarily disrupt an ongoing process. The sentence says it happened “briefly” for “four hours” — temporary disruption, not termination. “Stopped” implies complete cessation (potentially permanent); “paused” implies intentional action; “ended” implies the process was terminated permanently — all contradict “the overall project timeline remains intact.”
Vocabulary
interrupt – to temporarily stop or disturb an ongoing process
infrastructure team – IT staff managing core systems and servers
- A Phase 3, covering the migration of current-year financial records, is scheduled to begin on Monday.
- B The Atlas project was approved by the board following a competitive tender process.
- C All team members involved in Phase 2 testing have been commended for their response.
- D Data backup procedures have not been updated since the project began.
Cohesion Analysis
The report describes completion of Phase 1 and progress of Phase 2. Position [47] is before the closing update promise, making it the ideal place to preview what comes next — Phase 3. Option (A) introduces Phase 3 logically, following the Phase 1→2→3 sequence. The word “remaining phases” in the next sentence also references multiple phases ahead, cohering with the Phase 3 preview. (B) is historical background; (C) is a praise note that doesn’t forward the status update; (D) raises a new concern inconsistent with the positive tone.
Passage 13 — Questions 48–50
Oakmoor Group is pleased to report significant progress in its environmental sustainability objectives for the past fiscal year. Carbon emissions across all operations were [48] by 17% compared to the previous year, exceeding our internal target of 12%.
This achievement was made possible through a combination of energy efficiency upgrades at our manufacturing facilities, a transition to renewable energy sources for 40% of our electricity consumption, and a [49] reduction in single-use plastics across our packaging lines.
[50] Oakmoor remains committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2035 and will continue to invest in initiatives that align with this long-term objective.
- A lowered
- B reduced
- C decreased
- D cut
Explanation
All four options can express a decrease, but reduced is the most precise and standard term in environmental and corporate reporting. “Carbon emissions were reduced by X%” is the fixed collocation in sustainability reports. “Decreased” is also grammatically correct; however, “reduce emissions” is the dominant collocate in formal ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) language — making (B) the most natural fit in a sustainability report context.
Vocabulary
carbon emissions – release of CO₂ into the atmosphere
sustainability objective – a goal related to environmental responsibility
renewable energy – energy from naturally replenished sources (solar, wind, etc.)
- A drastic
- B substantial
- C sudden
- D rapid
Explanation
Substantial = large and significant in amount — the preferred formal modifier in business and sustainability reports. “Drastic” = extreme, often used negatively (drastic measures, drastic cuts) — inappropriate in a positive achievement context. “Sudden” describes speed, not magnitude; “rapid” also relates to speed. “Substantial reduction” = a meaningful, large-scale decrease — the most appropriate for a positive environmental report.
Vocabulary
substantial – of considerable importance or size
single-use plastics – plastic items used once and discarded
packaging lines – production systems used to package goods
- A The company has faced criticism from some environmental groups regarding its waste management policies.
- B These results have been independently verified by a third-party environmental auditing firm.
- C These accomplishments reflect the dedication of our entire workforce and the strength of our sustainability partnerships.
- D Further information about our environmental targets can be found in the appendix of this report.
Cohesion Analysis
Position [50] bridges the achievements summary and the forward-looking commitment statement. Option (C) provides the positive acknowledgment transition typical of formal reports before a future vision statement. “These accomplishments” directly refers back to the 17% emission reduction and plastic reduction results. The next sentence “Oakmoor remains committed…” is the company’s forward pledge — (C) connects the past achievements to this future commitment with a gratitude and attribution note. (A) introduces criticism — inconsistent with the positive report tone. (B) mentions verification — useful but more suited to an earlier position after citing the figures. (D) is a procedural navigation note, not a transitional statement.
🏆 Part 6 Master Reference — Key Principles
- Read the whole passage first. Part 6 is about context — the blank’s answer often depends on sentences before AND after it.
- Sentence insertion: look for three signals: (1) pronouns — “these,” “this,” “they” must have clear antecedents; (2) transitions — “however,” “in addition,” “as a result”; (3) topic flow — the sentence must not introduce a completely new or off-topic idea.
- Tense consistency: Check what tense dominates the passage. Reports use past tense; announcements often use future or present; memos use a mix — match the blank to the surrounding context.
- Formal collocations tested most often: in response to · comply with · subject to · ahead of schedule · reach an agreement · effective [date] · is expected to · exceed expectations · accommodate [guests] · surpass projections.
- Passive vs active voice: Official notices, policies, and reports heavily favor passive. When inanimate subjects appear (orders, regulations, equipment), passive is almost always correct.
- Register awareness: Match vocabulary to document type. Reports use “headwinds,” “surpassing,” “encompass.” Emails use “please,” “kindly,” “at your earliest convenience.” Memos use “please be advised,” “effective,” “mandatory.”
- Wrong answer patterns in sentence insertion: (a) introduces background history mid-paragraph; (b) contradicts an established fact; (c) raises an unresolved problem in a positive conclusion; (d) uses pronouns with no clear referent.
- Time: Aim for 5–6 minutes per passage. If stuck on Q3/Q4 (sentence insertion), eliminate first and guess — never skip entirely.
Leave a Reply