Modal Verbs in English
with Two Examples Each
Can
Ability, possibility, permission
- She can speak three languages.
- Can I use your phone?
Could
Past ability, polite requests, possibility
- When I was younger, I could run very fast.
- Could you help me with this?
May
Possibility, formal permission
- It may rain later.
- May I come in?
Might
Slight possibility, uncertainty
- He might join us for dinner.
- You might find this book interesting.
Must
Strong obligation, logical deduction
- You must wear a helmet while riding a bike.
- It’s late; she must be home by now.
Shall
Suggestions, offers, formal future
- Shall we go for a walk?
- I shall return by evening.
Should
Advice, expectation, recommendation
- You should see a doctor.
- Students should do their homework every day.
Will
Future, willingness, prediction
- I will call you tomorrow.
- Will you help me with this?
Would
Polite requests, hypothetical situations
- Would you like some tea?
- If I had more time, I would travel the world.
Ought to
Advice, moral obligation
- You ought to apologize for your mistake.
- We ought to respect our elders.
